As winter fades and spring approaches, Virginia’s black bears begin emerging from their winter dens. This seasonal shift is an exciting time in our parks, but it’s also a time to be prepared and respectful of wildlife. 

What kind of bears live in Virginia? 

American black bear at Sky Meadows State Park

Virginia is home to American black bears. They’re typically black in color, though some may appear dark brown.  

Adult males can weigh between 130–500 pounds, while females usually range from 90–250 pounds. Black bears are shy and secretive by nature, so, if they’re not approached or provoked, most encounters end with the bear moving away from people. 

When do bears come out of hibernation? 

Black bears in Virginia enter a state called torpor, a lighter form of hibernation, between late October and January. They typically emerge from their dens from mid-March to early May, depending on weather and food availability. Pregnant females and mothers with cubs often emerge later in the spring. 

What should you do if you see a bear? 

American black bear at Douthat State Park. Photo courtesy of Kurt the Wanderer.

Seeing a bear in the wild is a memorable experience, but safety comes first. Here are some essential tips: 

• Stay calm and keep your distance: If you spot a bear, do not approach it. Enjoy the sighting from afar. 
• Do not run: Running may trigger a chase response. Instead, back away slowly while facing the bear. 
• Make yourself known: Speak calmly, so the bear knows you’re human. Avoid sudden movements or loud noises. 
• Keep dogs leashed: Unleashed dogs can provoke bears and create dangerous situations. 
• Never feed bears: Feeding bears, intentionally or unintentionally, can lead to habituation and dangerous encounters. 
• Keep a clean campsite: Store food in bear-resistant containers or locked vehicles. 
• Cook and eat at least 100 yards away from your sleeping area. 
• Pack out all trash and food scraps. Don’t burn them in your fire ring. 
• Report the sighting to the park office. 

Black bears are an important part of Virginia’s natural heritage. By following these guidelines, you help keep bears wild and ensure a safe experience for everyone. 

Ready to start planning your visit to Virginia State Parks? Learn more about our 44 parks and the amenities they offer at https://dcr.es.virginia.gov/state-parks/.